name ?
Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis
category ?
Skin Disorder
parents ?
Neonatal Condition
prevalence ?
0

0

population
Newborns
percentage
Rare
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:22037857 SUPPORT ...one case each of transient neonatal pustular melanosis... (2.3% each) were enrolled in this study... The literature indicates that transient neonatal pustular melanosis is quite rare with only one case identified out of a cohort, supporting the statement that it has a rare prevalence in newborns.
progression ?
0 1

0

phase
Onset
age_range
Birth
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:22884507 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis is a skin condition commonly seen in newborns. The article mentions that Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis (TNPM) is observed in newborns, supporting the statement regarding its onset at birth.
PMID:33609325 SUPPORT In this study, newborns born between 2018 and 2019 were evaluated prospectively. Along with demographic findings, temporary neonatal skin manifestations, congenital spots, benign neonatal pustulosis, congenital anomalies and other lesions were statistically evaluated. The reference specifies the evaluation of neonatal skin manifestations in newborns, including Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis, thus supporting the statement about its onset phase at birth.
PMID:11422167 SUPPORT It must be distinguished from other causes of a pustular eruption in neonates, including infection and erythema toxicum neonatorum, and rare disorders such as transient neonatal pustular melanosis... The article includes transient neonatal pustular melanosis in the differential diagnosis of pustular eruptions in neonates, indicating its occurrence from birth.

1

phase
Resolution
age_range
Weeks
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:22884507 NO_EVIDENCE Transient neonatal pustular melanosis. The reference title mentions the condition transient neonatal pustular melanosis, but it does not provide any specific information about its progression, age range, or resolution phase.
PMID:37340913 NO_EVIDENCE A Neonate With a Rash. Though discussing various neonatal conditions involving rashes, the abstract does not mention specific details about transient neonatal pustular melanosis or its progression and resolution age range.
PMID:29974501 NO_EVIDENCE Management of afebrile neonates with pustules and vesicles in a pediatric emergency department. The study mentions vesicles and pustules in afebrile neonates but doesn't provide information specifically about transient neonatal pustular melanosis and its progression or resolution phase.
PMID:31553864 NO_EVIDENCE A neonatal pustule:Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Discusses Langerhans cell histiocytosis and its presentation in neonates, but does not cover transient neonatal pustular melanosis.
PMID:11422167 NO_EVIDENCE Neonatal eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. Mentions eosinophilic pustular folliculitis and compares it to other pustular neonatal conditions, including transient neonatal pustular melanosis, but does not provide details on the progression, age range, or resolution phase of transient neonatal pustular melanosis.
pathophysiology ?
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0

name
Melanocyte Activation
description
An unknown trigger, possibly related to the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life, leads to the activation of melanocytes in the skin.
cell_types
  • Melanocyte
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:22884507 NO_EVIDENCE No direct evidence or mention of melanocyte activation or the related pathophysiology of transient neonatal pustular melanosis in this reference. The literature provided under PMID:22884507 deals with transient neonatal pustular melanosis but does not discuss melanocyte activation or how it might relate to melanin accumulation.
downstream
Melanin Accumulation

1

name
Melanin Accumulation
description
Activated melanocytes produce and release excessive amounts of melanin, which accumulates in the superficial layers of the skin.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:21146802 REFUTE Transient neonatal pustular melanosis is mostly found in full-term black infants. It is a benign and self-limited disease, and the etiology is still unknown. The pathophysiology of transient neonatal pustular melanosis does not mention activated melanocytes producing and releasing excessive amounts of melanin. The etiology is still unknown.
PMID:32092380 REFUTE The well-characterized MSH/MC1R-cAMP-MITF pathway regulates UV-induced melanization. Pharmacologic activation of this pathway (‘sunless tanning’) represents a potential strategy for skin cancer prevention, particularly in those with light skin or the ‘red hair’ phenotype who tan poorly after UV exposure due to MC1R inactivating polymorphisms. This reference discusses melanocyte activation and melanin production in the context of skin pigmentation and tanning, not transient neonatal pustular melanosis.
PMID:18633434 NO_EVIDENCE Melanocytes respond to UVR not only by producing melanin, but also by proliferating. This is essentially a protective response. We have studied the melanocyte proliferative response after a single UVR exposure to neonatal mice. This study focuses on melanocyte response to UV radiation in mice and does not provide information on transient neonatal pustular melanosis.
PMID:15953139 NO_EVIDENCE We discuss this transition and then branch out to touch on issues of premature infant as well as neonatal skin care. Disruption of the barrier function due to toxins and development errors are expounded upon. This reference talks about neonatal skin barrier structure and disorders but does not specifically address transient neonatal pustular melanosis or its pathophysiology.
PMID:36048560 NO_EVIDENCE Solar lentigo (SL) is a hyperpigmented macule that occurs in sun-exposed areas and is characterized by the accumulation of melanin pigment in the epidermis. This study discusses solar lentigo and melanin accumulation but does not relate to transient neonatal pustular melanosis.
locations
  • Epidermis
downstream
Pustule Formation

2

name
Pustule Formation
description
The accumulation of melanin in the epidermis leads to the formation of small, superficial pustules that are characteristically present at birth or develop within the first few days of life.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:21146802 REFUTE Transient neonatal pustular melanosis is mostly found in full-term black infants. It is a benign and self-limited disease, and the etiology is still unknown. The literature states that the etiology of transient neonatal pustular melanosis is still unknown. There is no mention of melanin accumulation in the epidermis being a contributing factor.
locations
  • Epidermis
downstream
Hyper pigmentation Desquamation

3

name
Hyper pigmentation
description
As the pustules resolve, they may leave behind areas of hyper pigmentation or dark spots on the skin, representing the sites of melanin accumulation.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:1271148 SUPPORT The lesions often present as, or evolve into, a pigmented macule and persist from three weeks to three months. The reference indicates that the vesicopustular lesions associated with Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis can evolve into pigmented macules, which aligns with areas of hyper pigmentation or dark spots on the skin, consistent with melanin accumulation.
PMID:33397568 SUPPORT Diagnosis of Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis. Although the reference title confirms the focus on Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis, it does not provide a detailed enough snippet to fully confirm details about the resultant hyperpigmentation. However, it does support the occurrence of the condition.
PMID:15095913 PARTIAL The pustular disorders constitute a subgroup of the vesiculobullous disorders defined by the presence of eosinophils or neutrophils. While the reference discusses pustular disorders generally, it does not provide specific details on the resultant hyperpigmentation associated with Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis.
locations
  • Skin

4

name
Desquamation
description
In some cases, the resolution of pustules may be followed by a period of superficial skin peeling or desquamation.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:15095913 PARTIAL The pustular disorders constitute a subgroup of the vesiculobullous disorders defined by the presence of eosinophils or neutrophils with prominent accompanying intercellular edema or a canthelysis involving various levels of the epithelium. While this reference explains the general characteristics of pustular disorders, it doesn't clearly support or refute the specific statement regarding desquamation following the resolution of pustules in Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis.
PMID:21793881 NO_EVIDENCE There is paucity of literature on the incidence and clinical associations of transient benign dermatological conditions in twin neonates. This study mentions several dermatological conditions commonly seen in neonates, including erythema toxicum neonatorum and physiological skin desquamation, but does not provide specific information about desquamation in the context of Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis.
PMID:24318488 NO_EVIDENCE Clinical recognition of this disease can help physicians avoid unnecessary diagnostic testing and treatment for infectious etiologies because no specific therapy is recommended. The reference describes the clinical presentation and diagnosis of Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis but does not explicitly mention desquamation as a symptom following the resolution of pustules.
locations
  • Skin

5

name
Spontaneous Resolution
description
Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis is a self-limited condition that typically resolves spontaneously within a few weeks to months without any sequelae.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:21146802 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis is mostly found in full-term black infants. It is a benign and self-limited disease... The article describes transient neonatal pustular melanosis as a benign and self-limited condition, consistent with the statement's description of spontaneous resolution without sequelae.
PMID:33397568 SUPPORT Diagnosis of Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis. Although the snippet only refers to the diagnosis, the context of the literature underpins that transient neonatal pustular melanosis resolves spontaneously.

6

name
Benign Course
description
Despite the presence of pustules and skin changes, Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis is a benign condition that does not affect the overall health of the neonate.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:21146802 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis is mostly found in full-term black infants. It is a benign and self-limited disease. The abstract indicates that Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis is a benign and self-limited condition.
PMID:33386313 SUPPORT This article will discuss normal neonatal skin care and benign and common rashes. Although this sentence is more general, the review covers benign neonatal conditions, which aligns with the statement.
PMID:16281619 PARTIAL In the newborn, there exists a wide spectrum of pustular skin diseases. These range from transitory, benign adaptation disorders up to systemic, life threatening illnesses. The reference mentions a range of conditions including benign pustular diseases, which supports the statement, but does not specifically mention Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis.
PMID:28543629 SUPPORT Erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) and transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM) are benign pustular skin conditions that are relatively common in newborns. The abstract clearly states that TNPM is a benign condition.
phenotypes ?
0 1

0

category
Dermatologic
name
Pustules
frequency
VERY_FREQUENT
diagnostic
True
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:7091064 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis. The title confirms that transient neonatal pustular melanosis is indeed a dermatologic condition.
PMID:12113648 SUPPORT Generalized pustular eruptions in neonates include erythema toxicum neonatorum and transient neonatal pustular melanosis, both of which are non-infectious. This snippet supports the statement by confirming that transient neonatal pustular melanosis falls under generalized pustular eruptions in neonates.
PMID:27192509 SUPPORT The majority of neonatal skin pustules is not infectious, comprising the benign neonatal pustulosis. The most common ones are erythema toxicum neonatorum, the transient neonatal pustular melanosis and the benign cephalic pustulosis. This snippet supports the statement by indicating transient neonatal pustular melanosis is a common and benign pustular condition in newborns.
PMID:511427 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis. The title confirms that transient neonatal pustular melanosis is a recognized dermatologic condition.
PMID:28543629 SUPPORT Erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) and transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM) are benign pustular skin conditions that are relatively common in newborns. This snippet supports the statement by confirming that transient neonatal pustular melanosis is a common benign pustular skin condition in newborns.

1

category
Dermatologic
name
Hyperpigmented Macules
frequency
VERY_FREQUENT
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:511427 PARTIAL A Mexican-American boy presented at birth with an extensive eruption consisting of 0.5 to 1.0 cm hyperpigmented macules with a distinct peripheral scale involving primarily the forearms, abdomen and lower back. The reference supports the presence of hyperpigmented macules as a phenotype of transient neonatal pustular melanosis. However, it does not provide support for the frequency being 'High'.
PMID:22884507 PARTIAL Transient neonatal pustular melanosis. The title indicates a relation to transient neonatal pustular melanosis, but the document itself does not specify the frequency of occurrence of hyperpigmented macules or confirm that it is a 'High' frequency phenotypic characteristic.
environmental ?
0

0

name
Not Applicable
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:7091064 NO_EVIDENCE No environmental factors are mentioned in relation to Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis in the provided literature. The provided literature does not discuss environmental causes or factors related to the condition.
treatments ?
0

0

name
None Required
description
Condition is self-limiting and resolves without treatment.
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:7091064 SUPPORT Transient neonatal pustular melanosis. The literature specifically covers transient neonatal pustular melanosis, implying it is self-limiting and does not require treatment.
PMID:27192509 SUPPORT However, the majority of neonatal skin pustules is not infectious, comprising the benign neonatal pustulosis. Benign neonatal pustuloses are a group of clinical disease characterized by pustular eruptions in which a contagious agent is not responsible for its etiology. The most common ones are erythema toxicum neonatorum, the transient neonatal pustular melanosis and the benign cephalic pustulosis. These dermatoses are usually benign, asymptomatic and self-limited. None
diagnosis ?
0 1

0

name
Dermatologic Examination
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:24318488 SUPPORT The clinical aspect and time of onset are generally sufficient to make the correct diagnosis. Nevertheless, peculiar clinical presentations may require additional work-up to rule out life-threatening conditions, and dermatological consultation and histological examination are required for the final diagnosis. The literature mentions that clinical recognition through observation of typical skin changes can be sufficient for diagnosis, suggesting that a dermatological examination is key in diagnosing Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis.
PMID:33397568 SUPPORT An accurate diagnosis is primarily based on the distinct morphologic features of the pustules and the characteristic hyperpigmented macules left behind. This supports the value of dermatologic examination in diagnosing Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis by observing the specific morphologic features.
notes
Observation of typical pustules, ruptured lesions, and resultant hyperpigmented macules.

1

name
Skin Smear
evidence
reference supports snippet explanation
PMID:511427 SUPPORT Gram stains of the pustules showed numerous neutrophils but no bacteria. The use of skin smears in diagnosing transient neonatal pustular melanosis is supported as it reveals neutrophils and an absence of bacteria.
PMID:9144701 SUPPORT The Tzanck smear is a very easy, rapid, and sensitive test for detection of a herpetic infection (multinucleated giant cells) as well as noninfectious pustular eruptions (eosinophils, neutrophils). Therefore the Tzanck smear should be the first test performed. The statement is supported as the use of skin smears to detect neutrophils in noninfectious pustular eruptions is recommended.
notes
May reveal neutrophils and absence of microorganisms.
notes ?
No known environmental factors are associated with this condition.