Standards index
A survey of approaches that record metadata about environmental-exposure data for reuse, reproducibility, and meta-analysis. Two classes are kept apart deliberately: general standards intended to be reusable across producers, and pipeline sidecars — structured but per-pipeline documentative formats. Generated from standards.yaml; do not edit by hand.
General standards
| Standard | Unit | Purpose | Layer | Derivation? | Relevance | EnVar relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACDD | dataset | find | discovery | absent | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset (geospatial_resolution, temporal_resolution, creator, institution); complementary at dataset level. |
| CDIF | dataset | find | discovery | absent | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset at discovery and cross-domain linkage level; complementary — EnVar could serve as a domain profile within a CDIF-governed ecosystem. |
| CF Conventions | variable_type | define | conceptual | partial | in_scope | Overlaps variable_identity and temporal_reference; complementary — CF standard_name is the primary slot in EnVar VariableIdentity.cf_standard_name. |
| CODATA / GEO Essential Variables | variable_type | define | conceptual | absent | peripheral | Overlaps variable_identity (what to measure); complementary — Essential Variables inform target_vocab_concept in EnVar VariableIdentity. |
| Croissant | dataset | define | conceptual | partial | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset and data_layout for ML training use of exposure datasets; complementary but ML-focused. |
| DataCite Metadata Schema | dataset | cite | discovery | partial | peripheral | Overlaps deposit_metadata and source_dataset citation; complementary — DataCite DOI is the persistent identifier for upstream products an EnVar sidecar documents. |
| DCAT | dataset | find | discovery | absent | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset discovery; complementary, operates at dataset layer not instance layer. |
| DCAT-AP | dataset | find | discovery | absent | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset discovery; complementary — European environmental datasets documented with an EnVar sidecar would use DCAT-AP for portal interoperability. |
| DDI | variable_type | define | conceptual | partial | peripheral | Overlaps variable_identity at study/variable level; complementary — DDI variable metadata maps to EnVar VariableIdentity for survey-linked exposure assessments. |
| Dublin Core | dataset | find | discovery | absent | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset at minimum-metadata level; complementary — Dublin Core elements (title, creator, date, subject) are typically inherited by the richer standards EnVar targets. |
| Frictionless Data Package | file | define | conceptual | absent | peripheral | Overlaps data_layout for CSV/tabular exposure outputs; complementary — could describe the companion data file that an EnVar sidecar annotates. |
| GA4GH Human Exposome Data Standards | dataset | define | conceptual | absent | in_scope | Directly overlaps variable_identity and health_layer_linkage for genomics-linked exposure studies; complementary — EnVar could serve as a domain profile within a future GA4GH exposome framework. |
| NASA/GCMD DIF | dataset | find | discovery | partial | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset for NASA-hosted exposure products; complementary — DIF records discovery metadata for datasets whose EnVar sidecar provides instance-level detail. |
| GeoSPARQL | produced_value | define | conceptual | absent | peripheral | Overlaps spatial_reference for Linked Data encoding; complementary — GeoSPARQL geo:hasGeometry carries the geometry referenced by EnVar SpatialReference. |
| HL7 FHIR | geocoded_row | define | linkage | partial | peripheral | Overlaps health_layer_linkage at the clinical record level; complementary — FHIR can receive exposure values from an EnVar-documented pipeline. |
| INSPIRE Directive | dataset | find | discovery | partial | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset (ISO 19115 compliance requirement); complementary — European exposure datasets used by EnVar-documented pipelines must satisfy INSPIRE metadata requirements. |
| ISO 19115 | dataset | find | discovery | partial | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset and spatial_reference; complementary at dataset layer, silent at instance/linkage levels. |
| OGC Observations, Measurements, and Samples | produced_value | define | instance | partial | in_scope | Overlaps variable_identity, spatial_reference, temporal_reference, and exposure_model; complementary — closest general standard to EnVar's instance-level observation model. |
| ODM2 | produced_value | reproduce_pool | instance | carried | in_scope | Overlaps variable_identity, exposure_model, uncertainty, and tool_run; most competitive standard with EnVar for in-situ data; EnVar extends scope to gridded/modeled exposures and health linkage. |
| OGC API Records | dataset | find | discovery | absent | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset discovery; complementary — OGC API Records surfaces datasets whose instance-level detail is captured in an EnVar sidecar. |
| OGC SensorThings API | produced_value | define | instance | partial | in_scope | Overlaps variable_identity, spatial_reference, and temporal_reference at observation level; complementary — SensorThings endpoints could serve as upstream data sources documented in EnVar source_dataset. |
| OMOP CDM | geocoded_row | reproduce_pool | linkage | partial | in_scope | Directly overlaps health_layer_linkage and deposit_metadata; EnVar health_layer_linkage.target_cdm targets OMOP; competing at schema level but complementary as output consumer. |
| PROV-O | produced_value | reproduce_pool | instance | carried | in_scope | Directly overlaps provenance_chain and tool_run; complementary — EnVar ProvenanceChain is a domain-constrained PROV-O profile. |
| RO-Crate | file | reproduce_pool | instance | carried | in_scope | Overlaps tool_run and provenance_chain; complementary — RO-Crate WorkflowRun profile is the closest existing standard to EnVar's reproducibility intent at file/package level. |
| schema.org / science-on-schema.org | dataset | find | discovery | absent | peripheral | Overlaps source_dataset discovery and variable_identity (variableMeasured); complementary — landing page markup linking to EnVar-documented datasets. |
| SOSA/SSN | produced_value | define | instance | partial | in_scope | Overlaps variable_identity, exposure_model, and provenance_chain; complementary — sosa:usedProcedure maps to EnVar exposure_model. |
| STAC | file | find | discovery | partial | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset and spatial_reference; complementary — STAC items provide asset-level discovery linking to EnVar-documented datasets. |
| WaterML 2.0 | produced_value | define | instance | partial | peripheral | Overlaps variable_identity and temporal_reference for water-quality exposures; complementary — WaterML serializes observations that an EnVar sidecar documents. |
| WMO WIGOS Metadata Standard | dataset | define | conceptual | partial | in_scope | Overlaps source_dataset and exposure_model (instrument inputs); complementary at station/instrument layer. |
Pipeline sidecars
| Standard | Unit | Purpose | Layer | Derivation? | Relevance | EnVar relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DeGAUSS | geocoded_row | reproduce_pool | linkage | carried | in_scope | Directly overlaps linkage_method and health_layer_linkage; DeGAUSS container invocation metadata is the primary reference implementation for EnVar LinkageMethod in pediatric cohort studies. |
| FHIR PIT | geocoded_row | reproduce_pool | linkage | carried | in_scope | Directly overlaps linkage_method and health_layer_linkage for FHIR-based clinical data; complementary — FHIR PIT invocation metadata is the primary reference implementation for EnVar LinkageMethod in FHIR-based EHR cohorts. |
| gridMET / Daymet / PRISM sidecars | file | reproduce_pool | instance | partial | peripheral | The gap that EnVar source_dataset and tool_run are designed to replace; competing in intent, complementary until EnVar adoption grows. |
| PEGS GIS Exposure Codebook | variable_type | define | conceptual | carried | in_scope | Directly overlaps variable_identity, data_layout, source_dataset, spatial_reference, temporal_reference, and exposure_model at the cohort-codebook level; complementary — PEGS per-variable GIS documentation is a reference exemplar for EnVar's variable-level exposure record, not a competing general standard. |
Reconciliation with the niehs inventory
| Standard | Status | Where |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 19115 | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §8.4 (NASA SEDAC uses ISO 19115 metadata; §12 cross-cutting standards silos discussion) |
| OGC Observations, Measurements, and Samples | new | |
| SOSA/SSN | new | |
| CF Conventions | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §3.5 (EPA CMAQ uses CF Conventions/NetCDF), §7.2 (MESA Air uses CF Conventions for model output), §12 (standards silos: CF Conventions named explicitly) |
| ACDD | new | |
| STAC | new | |
| OGC API Records | new | |
| WMO WIGOS Metadata Standard | new | |
| PROV-O | new | |
| RO-Crate | new | |
| DCAT | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §1.2 (GAIA Toolchain uses DCAT for dataset discovery via meta_dcat_*.json files) |
| DataCite Metadata Schema | new | |
| Frictionless Data Package | new | |
| schema.org / science-on-schema.org | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §1.1 (OHDSI GIS WG uses Schema.org for catalog metadata) and §1.2 (GAIA Toolchain uses Schema.org JSON-LD for meta_json-ld_*.json files) |
| DDI | new | |
| Croissant | new | |
| CDIF | new | |
| OMOP CDM | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §1 (OMOP/OHDSI ecosystem throughout; §1.1 OHDSI GIS WG, §1.2 GAIA, §1.3 N3C, §1.4 SDoH) |
| HL7 FHIR | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §2.2 (FHIR PIT project uses HL7 FHIR; §9.4 gap analysis explicitly names FHIR; §12 standards silos cross-cutting) |
| ODM2 | new | |
| WaterML 2.0 | new | |
| CODATA / GEO Essential Variables | new | |
| NASA/GCMD DIF | new | |
| GeoSPARQL | new | |
| DeGAUSS | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §9.1 (DeGauss listed as primary geocoding tool) and §1.1 (DeGauss named in OHDSI GIS WG linkage method) |
| gridMET / Daymet / PRISM sidecars | new | |
| PEGS GIS Exposure Codebook | new | |
| GA4GH Human Exposome Data Standards | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §10.3 (GA4GH Human Exposome Data Standards has a dedicated entry with architecture, Phenopackets linkage, and EnVar relevance notes) |
| OGC SensorThings API | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §10.2 (OGC Health Domain WG explicitly lists SensorThings API in its standards suite) |
| DCAT-AP | new | |
| Dublin Core | new | |
| FHIR PIT | already_catalogued | projects_inventory.md §2.2 (FHIR PIT has a dedicated project entry including architecture, public resources, and key people) |
| INSPIRE Directive | new |
Triaged out
Candidates considered and ruled out of the first-class index, kept for auditability.
- AGI Glossary of Geology (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure geological glossary; not a metadata format.
- Agroportal (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Agronomic ontology portal; not a metadata format.
- AGROVOC (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: SKOS thesaurus for agriculture and food; not a metadata format.
- ANZSRC 2020 (other) — out_of_scope: Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification; research classification scheme, not an environmental-exposure metadata standard.
- Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure vocabulary for aquatic and fisheries domain.
- Astronomical Environment Ontology (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Out of domain for terrestrial environmental-exposure data.
- BARTOC (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Registry of thesauri and ontologies; not a metadata standard.
- BCO-DMO (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office repository; platform, not a standard.
- BioPortal (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Biomedical ontology repository hosting SWEET, ENVO, and others; not a metadata format.
- CAB Thesaurus (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: CABI agriculture and environment thesaurus; pure vocabulary.
- CGI Vocabularies Register (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Controlled vocabulary register for geoscience terms; not a metadata format.
- Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (other) — out_of_scope: Habitat classification scheme for coastal and marine environments; not a metadata format for environmental-exposure data.
- Collections Descriptions (other) — out_of_scope: TDWG biodiversity collection descriptions; out of scope for environmental-exposure metadata.
- CSDMS Standard Names (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Variable naming convention for earth surface models; vocabulary-level, not a metadata format.
- Darwin Core (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Biodiversity observations vocabulary; not designed for environmental-exposure metadata.
- EcoPortal (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Ecology ontology portal; not a metadata format.
- ECSO Ecosystems Ontology (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: OWL ontology for ecosystem descriptions; pure vocabulary.
- EFG (other) — out_of_scope: Extension for Geosciences (biodiversity natural history collections); out of domain.
- Environment Ontology (vocabulary) — peripheral: OBO ontology for environmental features and biomes; used for concept annotation in SOSA/SSN and EnVar VariableIdentity but is a vocabulary, not a metadata format.
- Environmental Thesaurus (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: SKOS thesaurus for environmental terms; pure vocabulary.
- ESIP Community Ontology Repository (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Vocabulary registry and hosting service; not a metadata format.
- EU Vocabularies (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Controlled vocabularies for EU institutions; not environmental-exposure metadata standards.
- 4TU.ResearchData (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Dutch research data repository; platform, not a metadata standard.
- GBIF Vocabulary Service (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Biodiversity vocabulary service; not a metadata format for environmental-exposure data.
- GCMD Science Keywords (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure controlled vocabulary for tagging NASA Earth science datasets; not a metadata format.
- Global Change Master Directory (project_or_platform) — peripheral: NASA Earth science dataset catalog platform; relevant as the origin of the DIF metadata standard (covered in entries as gcmd-dif) but not itself a metadata standard.
- GeoCore Ontology (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Core vocabulary for geospatial data concepts; not an adopted metadata format standard.
- GeoNames (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Geographic names gazetteer; not an exposure-metadata standard.
- Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure geographic names vocabulary.
- IODE Ocean Data Portal parameter dictionary (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Vocabulary/parameter list for oceanographic data; not a metadata format standard.
- Marine Metadata Interoperability Project (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Community project for marine metadata vocabulary management; not itself a metadata standard.
- MIDS (other) — out_of_scope: Minimum Information about a Digital Specimen (TDWG); natural history specimen metadata; out of scope.
- MINDAT (other) — out_of_scope: Mineralogy and geology database; out of domain.
- MMI Ontology Registry and Repository (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Marine metadata vocabulary registry; not a metadata format.
- NERC Vocabulary Server (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: BODC/NERC vocabulary management service; not a metadata format.
- OBO Foundry (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Ontology community framework and registry; not a metadata format.
- Ontology Resources for Environmental Health Sciences (other) — out_of_scope: Survey/article on ontology resources for environmental health; not a metadata standard.
- Ontobee (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: Ontology browser and SPARQL endpoint; not a metadata standard.
- Orbital Space Domain Knowledge Models (other) — out_of_scope: Space domain ontologies and vocabularies; out of domain for terrestrial exposure data.
- QUDT (vocabulary) — peripheral: Quantities, Units, Dimensions, and Types ontology; used for unit annotation in exposure data alongside EnVar but is a vocabulary, not a metadata format.
- Research Vocabularies Australia (project_or_platform) — out_of_scope: National vocabulary service for Australian research; not a metadata format.
- RRUFF (other) — out_of_scope: Mineral Raman spectra database; out of domain for environmental-exposure data.
- Semantic interoperability in environmental sciences survey (other) — peripheral: Survey paper on semantic interoperability in environmental sciences; relevant background literature but not a metadata standard.
- Scientific Variables Ontology (vocabulary) — peripheral: Ontology for decomposing scientific variable names into components; relevant to variable identity in exposure research but is a vocabulary, not a metadata format.
- SWEET (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: OWL ontology for earth and environmental science concepts; pure vocabulary, not a metadata format.
- TERN Controlled Vocabularies (vocabulary) — peripheral: Australia's TERN SOSA/SSN-based controlled vocabularies for ecosystem observation; the underlying TERN data model is a SOSA/SSN profile (in-scope tier) but the standalone CV set is a vocabulary.
- USGS Thesaurus (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure thesaurus for USGS subject terms; not a metadata format.
- vocabularies repositories catalog (other) — out_of_scope: Generic category label in source list, not a specific standard.
- vocabulary resources (other) — out_of_scope: Generic category label in source list, not a specific standard.
- WorldBank Thesaurus (vocabulary) — out_of_scope: Pure vocabulary for World Bank subject terms.
- WoRMS (other) — out_of_scope: World Register of Marine Species; taxonomy database, not an exposure-metadata standard.